JavaScript

JavaScript provides a built-in method to generate random numbers using the Math.random() function.

This is useful in games, simulations, animations, and many other situations where you want unpredictability.

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✅ Basic Syntax

Math.random();

Output:

A random floating-point number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).

console.log(Math.random()); 
// Example: 0.7354323562

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📌 Generate Random Whole Numbers

Since Math.random() returns a decimal, we combine it with Math.floor() to get whole numbers.

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🔢 Random Number Between 0 and 9:

const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * 10);
console.log(num); // 0 to 9

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🔢 Random Number Between 1 and 10:

const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) + 1;
console.log(num); // 1 to 10

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🔢 Random Number Between Min and Max

Use this reusable function:

function getRandom(min, max) {
  return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
}

console.log(getRandom(50, 100)); // Random number from 50 to 100

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🎯 Use Cases

• Randomizing quiz questions
• Creating dice rolls
• Generating random colors
• Lottery systems
• Animations with randomness

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🎨 Example: Generate Random RGB Color

function getRandomColor() {
  const r = Math.floor(Math.random() * 256);
  const g = Math.floor(Math.random() * 256);
  const b = Math.floor(Math.random() * 256);
  return `rgb(${r}, ${g}, ${b})`;
}

console.log(getRandomColor()); // e.g., rgb(12, 200, 150)

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⚠️ Note

• Math.random() is not truly random; it’s pseudo-random based on an algorithm.
• It’s good for most tasks, but not secure for cryptography or passwords.

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🧠 Summary

• Math.random() generates decimals between 0 and 1.
• Combine with Math.floor() to get whole numbers.
• Use custom formulas to define your own random number ranges.

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