JavaScript

Absolutely! Let’s break down JavaScript Object Methods step-by-step in a beginner-friendly way, with examples, real use cases, and everything you need to understand this concept like a pro. 🔥

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🧠 What is a Method in JavaScript?

A method is simply a function inside an object.

It lets an object do something — like greet a user, calculate age, or return full name.

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🛠️ 1. Creating an Object Method

const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName: "Doe",
  fullName: function () {
    return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName;
  }
};

console.log(person.fullName()); // John Doe

✅ Key Points:

• fullName is a method.
• this refers to the current object (person in this case).

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📌 2. Syntax of Object Methods

const objectName = {
  methodName: function() {
    // code
  }
};

Shorthand syntax (ES6):

const person = {
  greet() {
    console.log("Hello!");
  }
};

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🧪 3. Using this Keyword

this refers to the object the method belongs to.

const car = {
  brand: "Toyota",
  showBrand() {
    console.log(this.brand);
  }
};

car.showBrand(); // Toyota

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🔁 4. Add Method After Object Creation

const student = {
  name: "Anu"
};

student.sayHello = function () {
  console.log("Hi, I'm " + this.name);
};

student.sayHello(); // Hi, I'm Anu

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📋 5. Built-in Object Methods

Here are some methods already available on objects via JavaScript:

Method	What it Does
Object.keys(obj)	Returns array of keys
Object.values(obj)	Returns array of values
Object.entries(obj)	Returns array of [key, value] pairs
Object.assign()	Copies properties from one object to another
Object.hasOwnProperty()	Checks if a property exists

Example:

const product = {
  name: "Phone",
  price: 999
};

console.log(Object.keys(product)); // ["name", "price"]
console.log(Object.values(product)); // ["Phone", 999]

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🔐 6. Private Methods (Advanced – ES6+)

Using closures or # for private methods:

class User {
  #showSecret() {
    console.log("This is private");
  }

  accessSecret() {
    this.#showSecret(); // ✅ Works inside
  }
}

const u = new User();
u.accessSecret();     // This is private
// u.#showSecret(); ❌ Error

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🧠 Real-Life Example

const bankAccount = {
  owner: "Alice",
  balance: 5000,
  deposit(amount) {
    this.balance += amount;
    console.log("Deposited:", amount);
  },
  withdraw(amount) {
    if (amount <= this.balance) {
      this.balance -= amount;
      console.log("Withdrawn:", amount);
    } else {
      console.log("Insufficient funds");
    }
  },
  checkBalance() {
    console.log("Current Balance:", this.balance);
  }
};

bankAccount.deposit(1000);
bankAccount.withdraw(3000);
bankAccount.checkBalance();

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📦 Summary

Concept	Description
Method	Function inside an object
this keyword	Refers to current object
Shorthand method	method() {} instead of method: function() {}
Built-in methods	Object.keys(), Object.values() etc.

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